USP 2024 — Questão 70 · Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

TEXTO PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 67 A 69

Ethical codes evolve in response to changing conditions, values, and ideas. A professional code of ethics must, therefore, be periodically updated, and also rest upon widely shared values.

Although the operating environment of museums grows more complex each year, the root value for museums, the tie that connects all of us together despite our diversity, is the commitment to serving people, both present and future generations.

Historically, museums have owned and used natural objects, living and non-living, and all manner of human artifacts to advance knowledge and nourish the human spirit.

Today, the range of their special interests reflects the scope of human vision. Their missions include collecting and preserving, as well as exhibiting and educating with materials not only owned but also borrowed and fabricated for these ends. Their numbers include both governmental and private museums.

The museum universe in the United States includes both collecting and noncollecting institutions. Although diverse in their missions, they have in common their nonprofit form of organization and a commitment of service to the public. Their collections and/or the objects they borrow or fabricate are the basis for research, exhibits, and programs that invite public participation.

Taken as a whole, museum collections and exhibition materials represent the world's natural and cultural common wealth. As stewards of that wealth, museums are compelled to advance an understanding of all natural forms and of the human experience. It is incumbent on museums to be resources for humankind and in all their activities to foster an informed appreciation of the rich and diverse world we have inherited. It is also incumbent upon them to preserve that inheritance for posterity.

www.aam-us.org/museumresources/ethics/coe.cfm. Acessado em 22/02/2024. Adaptado.

Have you ever taken the time to craft a detailed email to a colleague, or perhaps a text message to a friend, only to have them shoot back a one-line response that makes it clear they didn’t read past the first sentence?

The Gazette interviewed Todd Rogers, a behavioral scientist, about his book, “Writing for Busy Readers: Communicate More Effectively in the Real World”.

Gazette: You make a distinction between “effective writing” and “beautiful writing.” What do you mean by effective writing?

Rogers: Effective writing is practical writing with the goal of getting the reader to understand and potentially respond. The guiding insight for the book is that our readers are not reading what we write carefully.

Gazette: You discuss experiments that support strategies for simplifying writing. Could you summarize a few of those tips?

Rogers: First: Less is more: fewer words, fewer ideas, fewer requests. Omit needless words, so that’s not radical, and it’s costless. Eliminating somewhat-useful-but-not-necessary ideas is harder. It’s a balance between getting the point across and adding too much. Finally, the more actions a message asks of readers, the less likely readers are to do any one of them. Second: Add structure. Most people aren’t reading linearly; they’re jumping around. Third: Use enough formatting, but no more. We found that people interpret underline, bold, and highlight as the writer saying to the reader, “this is the most important content.” When writers highlight or bold a section in a document or an email, it dramatically increases the likelihood that people read that portion, but it decreases the likelihood that they read the rest of the message.

https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2023/10/tips-on-how-to-connectwith-people-who-dont-have-time-to-read/. Acesso em 23/02/2024. Adaptado.

Segundo o texto, uma dificuldade apontada por Todd Rogers, no que diz respeito à simplificação da escrita, refere-se a